Luminaire Protection Classes and Electromagnetic Waves

Understanding Luminaire Protection Classes and Their Impact on Electromagnetic Waves

When choosing a luminaire, you may have noticed that it belongs to a specific electrical protection class: Class 1, Class 2, or Class 3. These classifications are essential for ensuring your safety, but do they also influence the emission of electromagnetic waves? Let’s break down these concepts to better understand their impact.

Luminaire Protection Classes

Class 1: Protection via Grounding

• These luminaires are equipped with a grounding wire (often yellow and green), which protects against the risk of electrocution.

• In case of an electrical fault, the current is directed to the ground to prevent any danger.

• This type of luminaire is often used for metal models, which can conduct electricity.

THÉSÉE - FORESTIER

KYHN - SAMMODE

BARK - ROGER PRADIER

ROTÖND XXL - PIATONI

LES ACROBATES DE GRAS N°322 - DCW ÉDITIONS

Class 2: Protection via Double Insulation

• These luminaires do not have grounding.

• They are designed with double insulation, preventing accidental contact with electrical current.

• They are often safer in domestic environments and reduce the risk of electric shock.

ORIGINAL 1227 LAITON - ANGLEPOISE

LAMPE B - DCW ÉDITIONS

SIGNAL SI333 - JIELDÉ

CYMBAL M - FORESTIER

Class 3: Extra-Low Voltage (SELV)

• Operates at a voltage of 12V or 24V, much lower than the 230V mains supply.

• Requires a transformer to step down the voltage.

• Used in applications where safety is essential (pools, gardens, portable lights, LED string lights).

• No risk of electrocution in case of direct contact.

KNOKKE - DCW ÉDITIONS

RP195 N°2 - ROGER PRADIER

PANTHELLA 160 PORTABLE - LOUIS POULSEN

BRICK² N°4 - ROGER PRADIER

Impact on Electromagnetic Waves

Electromagnetic waves are generated by all electrical devices, including luminaires. Their intensity mainly depends on the voltage and the type of power supply used:

Class 1 and Class 2 Luminaires:
• Operating on 230V mains power, these luminaires can produce an electromagnetic field (EMF), especially if the bulb uses an electronic driver (e.g., LED with an integrated power supply).
• Proper grounding (Class 1) can help limit some interference.
Class 3 Luminaires:
• Using extra-low voltage (12V or 24V), they generally emit fewer electromagnetic waves.
• However, if the transformer is of poor quality, it can generate high interference.

How to Choose a Luminaire with Low Electromagnetic Emission?

If you are sensitive to electromagnetic waves or want to minimize their impact in your environment, here are some tips:

✔ Prefer Class 3 luminaires: Lower voltage means lower electromagnetic emissions.

✔ Choose a high-quality transformer: A good transformer emits fewer interferences.

✔ Avoid LEDs with integrated switching power supplies: Some low-cost LED bulbs can produce strong electromagnetic fields.

✔ Keep electrical cables away: The closer a cable is to you, the stronger the exposure.

Conclusion

The protection classes of luminaires ensure electrical safety and indirectly influence the emission of electromagnetic waves. If you want to reduce your exposure, Class 3 luminaires with high-quality low-voltage power supplies are an excellent option. Choosing the right luminaire means combining safety, comfort, and well-being in your interior!